Since 1988, the Philippines went through a slow but profound land reform program under the cover of CARP (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program). Through different extension laws, this program continues until today. While many research has focused on politico-legal battles surrounding land reform at the national level, this research project aims at a deeper understanding of CARP at the micro-level of society. More specific, through ethnographic research that will be be conducted on the eastern part of the island of Mindanao, this research project aims at (i) a better understanding of processes of social differentiation among the peasantry throughout and after land reform, (ii) an insight in the establishment of informal land markets and the emergence of alternative forms of taxation on land, (iii) an overview how alternative elites and/or armed groups have attempted to retain control over land and labor in this process.
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| Decentralization and pastoral women's participation in local governance: A study of Kondoa local authority in Tanzania | |
This study aims to increase our understanding on decentralization and pastoral women's participation in local governance in Tanzania. Over the past ten years, Tanzania has been implementing local government reform programme carried out in the form of decentralization by devolution. One of the objectives of the reform is to enhance people's participation in governance at the local level. However, despite several reform efforts there is inadequate information regarding pastoral women's participation in local governance. The study will be conducted in Kondoa local authority in Tanzania and will employ a multistage sampling procedure with a sample size of 240 respondents. Data will be collected using questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions, participant observation and documentary review. Data analysis will be done using qualitative and quantitative methods aided by Statistical Package for social sciences tool. The study will come up with detailed information on how and why pastoral women participate in local governance and, how decentralization works to enhance or outlaw pastoral women's participation in local governance. On the basis of the research findings recommendations will be made.
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| The base and premises of administrative behavior on land ownership and use among women in Tanzania: the case of Kilosa district in Morogoro region | |
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The research looks at processes of participation by different community actors in development projects in informal settlements, with a specific focus on infrastructure projects such as water and sanitation, roads, housing and tenure. ‘Slum communities’ are interwoven with many fault lines and competitive interests. On the basis of two cases of improvement/upgrading projects in settlements in Nairobi (Kenya), this research intends to investigate how the agency of different actors within such a 'community' influences processes of slum improvement/upgrading.
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| Towards sustainable solutions for conflicts between local social actors and National Parks in Tanzania: Case study of Saadani National Park | |
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| Mining and the security-development nexus - The case of Mindanao (Philippines) | |
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| The socio-economic impact of artisanal and small-scale mining in eastern DRC (contact: Jeroen Cuvelier) | |
The aim of this research project is to gain a better understanding of the socio-economic impact of artisanal and small-scale mining in eastern DRC. Instead of zooming in on the relationship between ASM and armed conflict, we want to focus our attention on the social and economic consequences of ASM an sich. Breaking away from the current tendency among many donors, civil society groups and academics to reduce artisanal mining to a conflict-ridden economic activity, a business characterized by violence, insecurity, chaos and plunder, we intend to produce a more balanced picture of the Kivutian artisanal mining sector by embarking on an in-depth investigation of changing systems of land tenure and emerging centres of urbanity, two phenomena closely tied up with ASM. The present project is a joint initiative of the Conflict Research Group (CRG) of Ghent University and the Institute for Anthropological Research in Africa (IARA) of Leuven University.
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